Microsoft Corp
Microsoft's GHG Emissions Data Preview
In 2024, Microsoft completed a corporate carbon footprint assessment and publicly disclosed its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions according to the GHG Protocol, covering Scope 1 (direct emissions from owned or controlled sources), Scope 2 (indirect emissions from purchased energy) and Scope 3 (indirect emissions across the value chain).
Microsoft has also provided a category-level breakdown for 11 out of 15 Scope 3 emissions categories, offering greater transparency into its value chain emissions.
| Metric (tCO2e) | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 - 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Total Scope 1 | Copy restricted. Please purchase to unlock this data.  a | Copy restricted. Please purchase to unlock this data.  a | Copy restricted. Please purchase to unlock this data.  a | 0000000 |
Total Scope 2 | ||||
Market-Based | Copy restricted. Please purchase to unlock this data.  a | Copy restricted. Please purchase to unlock this data.  a | Copy restricted. Please purchase to unlock this data.  a | 0000000 |
Location-Based | Copy restricted. Please purchase to unlock this data.  a | Copy restricted. Please purchase to unlock this data.  a | Copy restricted. Please purchase to unlock this data.  a | 0000000 |
Total Scope 3 | Copy restricted. Please purchase to unlock this data.  a | Copy restricted. Please purchase to unlock this data.  a | Copy restricted. Please purchase to unlock this data.  b | 0000000 |
Total Scope 1 Revenue Intensity (tCO2e/$M) | Copy restricted. Please purchase to unlock this data.  a | Copy restricted. Please purchase to unlock this data.  a | Copy restricted. Please purchase to unlock this data.  a | 0000000 |
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aVerified Sources Behind Microsoft’s Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions Data
Every figure on this dashboard has a transparent audit trail. With Tracenable, each data point is traceable back to its original source, viewable directly inside our platform. Explore Microsoft’s data sources below and access millions more through our Disclosure Search.
Insights into Microsoft's Operational Emissions
In 2024, the total operational greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of Microsoft amounted to 10,098,878 metric tons of CO2 equivalent. This figure includes both direct emissions from owned or controlled sources (Scope 1) and indirect emissions from purchased energy (Scope 2). a
Compared to 2023, the total operational greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of Microsoft increased by 22.82%, suggesting that the company faced challenges in reducing its emissions from its core operations. a
Microsoft's Scope 1 Emissions Over Time
- Total Scope 1
- Year-over-Year Change
What are Microsoft's Scope 1 emissions?
In 2024, the total Scope 1 emissions of Microsoft were 143,510 metric tons of CO₂ equivalent (tCO₂e). a
Has Microsoft reduced its Scope 1 emissions over time?
Since 2018, Microsoft's Scope 1 emissions have increased by 44.95%, reflecting a rising long-term trend in Scope 1 emissions over time. a d
Compared to the previous year (2023), Microsoft's Scope 1 emissions decreased by 1%, highlighting the company's efforts to lower direct emissions from assets it owns or controls. a
What are Microsoft's Scope 2 emissions?
In 2024, Microsoft reported Scope 2 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of 259,090 tCO₂e using the market-based method and 9,955,368 tCO₂e using the location-based method. a
Has Microsoft reduced its Scope 2 emissions over time?
Since 2018, Microsoft's Scope 2 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions ( Location-Based) have increased by 237.92%, reflecting a rising long-term trend in Scope 2 emissions over time. a c
Compared to the previous year (2023), Microsoft's Scope 2 emissions (Location-Based) rose by 23.25% in 2024, suggesting that the company faced challenges in reducing emissions from purchased electricity and energy a
What methodology does Microsoft use for Scope 2 reporting?
In 2024, Microsoft reported its Scope 2 emissions using the market-based method and using the location-based method. a
Microsoft's Scope 2 Emissions Over Time
- Total Scope 2 Location-Based
- Total Scope 2 Market-Based
Insights into Microsoft's Value Chain Emissions
In 2024, Microsoft reported 15,140,000 metric tons of CO₂ equivalent (tCO₂e) of Scope 3 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, representing indirect emissions across its upstream and downstream value chain. a
The 2024 disclosure of Microsoft includes a breakdown across 11 of the 15 Scope 3 categories defined by the GHG Protocol, matching the level of disclosure in 2023, demonstrating consistent Scope 3 emissions reporting coverage year over year. a
Microsoft's Scope 3 Emissions Over Time
- Total Scope 3
- Year-over-Year Change
What are Microsoft's Scope 3 emissions?
In 2024, Microsoft reported total Scope 3 emissions of 15,140,000 metric tons of CO₂ equivalent (tCO₂e). a
Approximately 83.98% of these emissions originated from upstream activities such as purchased goods and capital goods, while 16.02% came from downstream activities like product use, distribution, and end-of-life treatment. a
Has Microsoft reduced its Scope 3 emissions over time?
Since 2018, Microsoft's Scope 3 emissions have increased by 25.07%, reflecting a rising long-term trend in Scope 3 emissions over time. a c
Compared to the previous year (2023), Microsoft's Scope 3 emissions remained relatively stable, indicating that Microsoft 's emissions have plateaued with no significant change in its value chain footprint. a
What categories of Scope 3 emissions does Microsoft disclose?
In 2024, Microsoft reported emissions for 11 out of the 15 Scope 3 categories defined by the GHG Protocol. a
This reflects a high level of granularity and transparency in the company's emissions reporting.
What are the main sources of Microsoft's Scope 3 emissions?
In 2024, the largest contributors to Microsoft's Scope 3 emissions were: a
- Capital Goods (Cat. 2): 6,066,000 tCO₂e (40.07%)
- Purchased Goods and Services (Cat. 1): 5,057,000 tCO₂e (33.4%)
- Use of Sold Products (Cat. 11): 2,417,000 tCO₂e (15.96%)
Microsoft's Scope 3 Emissions by Categories
Insights into Microsoft’s GHG Emissions Intensity Compared to Industry Peers
In 2024, Microsoft reported Scope 1 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of 143,510 tCO₂e and total revenues of USD 245,107 millions. This translates into an emissions intensity of 0.59 tCO₂e per millions USD. a
Microsoft's Scope 1 Emissions Intensity Compared to Peers
How does Microsoft's GHG emissions intensity compare to its peers?
In 2024, Microsoft reported a Scope 1 emissions intensity of 0.59 tCO₂e per millions USD. Compared to the peer group median of 0.23 , this places the company above its industry benchmark, indicating it is less carbon-efficient than most competitors. a
Where does Microsoft rank on GHG emissions intensity within its industry?
In 2024, Microsoft ranked 20 out of 23 companies in its industry peer group, based on Scope 1 emissions intensity (measured in tCO₂e per millions USD). a
This places Microsoft among the least efficient performers, with one of the highest emissions intensities in its sector. a
Insights into Microsoft's Total Carbon Footprint
In 2024, Microsoft reported a total carbon footprint of 25,238,878 metric tons of CO₂ equivalent (tCO₂e) across Scope 1, Scope 2, and Scope 3 emissions. This represents a 2.52% increase compared to 2023, suggesting a rise in emissions across its operations or value chain. a
The largest contributor to Microsoft's total carbon footprint was Scope 3 emissions, accounting for 59.99% of the company's total carbon footprint, followed by Scope 2 emissions at 39.44%. a