International Business Machines Corp
International Business Machines's GHG Emissions Data Preview
In 2024, International Business Machines completed a corporate carbon footprint assessment and publicly disclosed its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions according to the GHG Protocol, covering Scope 1 (direct emissions from owned or controlled sources), Scope 2 (indirect emissions from purchased energy) and Scope 3 (indirect emissions across the value chain).
International Business Machines has also provided a category-level breakdown for 5 out of 15 Scope 3 emissions categories, offering greater transparency into its value chain emissions.
| Metric (tCO2e) | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 - 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Total Scope 1 | 0000000 | Copy/Paste is a PRO feature.  b | Copy/Paste is a PRO feature.  b | 0000000 |
Total Scope 2 | ||||
Market-Based | Copy/Paste is a PRO feature.  a | 0000000 | Copy/Paste is a PRO feature.  b | 0000000 |
Location-Based | Copy/Paste is a PRO feature.  a | 0000000 | Copy/Paste is a PRO feature.  b | 0000000 |
Total Scope 3 | Copy/Paste is a PRO feature.  a | Copy/Paste is a PRO feature.  b | 0000000 | 0000000 |
Total Scope 1 Revenue Intensity (tCO2e/$M) | 0000000 | Copy/Paste is a PRO feature.  b | Copy/Paste is a PRO feature.  b | 0000000 |
b
b
b
bVerified Sources Behind International Business Machines’s Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions Data
Every figure on this dashboard has a transparent audit trail. With Tracenable, each data point is traceable back to its original source, viewable directly inside our platform. Explore International Business Machines’s data sources below and access millions more through our Disclosure Search.
Insights into International Business Machines's Operational Emissions
In 2024, the total operational greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of International Business Machines amounted to 626,000 metric tons of CO2 equivalent. This figure includes both direct emissions from owned or controlled sources (Scope 1) and indirect emissions from purchased energy (Scope 2).a
Compared to 2023, the total operational greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of International Business Machines decreased by 3.4%, showing that the company has made progress in taking action to reduce the climate impact of its operations.ab
International Business Machines's Scope 1 Emissions Over Time
- Total Scope 1
- Year-over-Year Change
What are International Business Machines's Scope 1 emissions?
In 2024, the total Scope 1 emissions of International Business Machines were 66,000 metric tons of CO₂ equivalent (tCO₂e).a
Has International Business Machines reduced its Scope 1 emissions over time?
Since 2019, International Business Machines's Scope 1 emissions have decreased by 32.65%, reflecting a declining long-term trend in Scope 1 emissions over time.ac
Compared to the previous year (2023), International Business Machines's Scope 1 emissions decreased by 7.04%, highlighting the company's efforts to lower direct emissions from assets it owns or controls.ab
What are International Business Machines's Scope 2 emissions?
In 2024, International Business Machines reported Scope 2 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of 199,000 tCO₂e using the market-based method and 560,000 tCO₂e using the location-based method.a
Has International Business Machines reduced its Scope 2 emissions over time?
Since 2019, International Business Machines's Scope 2 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (Location-Based) have remained relatively stable, indicating that International Business Machines's emissions have plateaued with no significant change in its energy consumption footprint.ac
Compared to the previous year (2023), International Business Machines's Scope 2 emissions (Location-Based) have remained relatively stable, indicating that International Business Machines's emissions have plateaued with no significant change in its energy consumption footprint.ab
What methodology does International Business Machines use for Scope 2 reporting?
In 2024, International Business Machines reported its Scope 2 emissions using the market-based method and using the location-based method.a
International Business Machines's Scope 2 Emissions Over Time
- Total Scope 2 Location-Based
- Total Scope 2 Market-Based
Insights into International Business Machines's Value Chain Emissions
In 2024, International Business Machines reported 2,737,000 metric tons of CO₂ equivalent (tCO₂e) of Scope 3 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, representing indirect emissions across its upstream and downstream value chain.a
The 2024 disclosure of International Business Machines includes a breakdown across 4 of the 15 Scope 3 categories defined by the GHG Protocol, matching the level of disclosure in 2023, demonstrating consistent Scope 3 emissions reporting coverage year over year.a
International Business Machines's Scope 3 Emissions Over Time
- Total Scope 3
- Year-over-Year Change
What are International Business Machines's Scope 3 emissions?
In 2024, International Business Machines reported total Scope 3 emissions of 2,737,000 metric tons of CO₂ equivalent (tCO₂e).a
Approximately 19.15% of these emissions originated from upstream activities such as purchased goods and capital goods, while 80.85% came from downstream activities like product use, distribution, and end-of-life treatment.a
Has International Business Machines reduced its Scope 3 emissions over time?
Since 2019, International Business Machines's Scope 3 emissions have increased by 151.1%, reflecting a rising long-term trend in Scope 3 emissions over time.ac
Compared to the previous year (2023), International Business Machines's Scope 3 emissions increased by 519.23%, suggesting that the company faced challenges in reducing emissions across its value chain.ab
What categories of Scope 3 emissions does International Business Machines disclose?
In 2024, International Business Machines reported emissions for 4 out of the 15 Scope 3 categories defined by the GHG Protocol.ab
The limited disclosure restricts visibility into specific emission sources across the company's value chain.
What are the main sources of International Business Machines's Scope 3 emissions?
In 2024, the largest contributors to International Business Machines's Scope 3 emissions were:ab
- Use of Sold Products (Cat. 11): 2,213,000 tCO₂e (80.85%)
- Business Travel (Cat. 6): 277,000 tCO₂e (10.12%)
- Employee Commuting (Cat. 7): 234,000 tCO₂e (8.55%)
International Business Machines's Scope 3 Emissions by Categories
Insights into International Business Machines’s GHG Emissions Intensity Compared to Industry Peers
In 2024, International Business Machines reported Scope 1 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of 66,000 tCO₂e and total revenues of USD 62,756 millions. This translates into an emissions intensity of 1.05 tCO₂e per millions USD.a
International Business Machines's Scope 1 Emissions Intensity Compared to Peers
How does International Business Machines's GHG emissions intensity compare to its peers?
In 2024, International Business Machines reported a Scope 1 emissions intensity of 1.05 tCO₂e per millions USD. Compared to the peer group median of 1.16, this places the company below its industry benchmark, indicating it is more carbon-efficient than most competitors.a
Where does International Business Machines rank on GHG emissions intensity within its industry?
In 2024, International Business Machines ranked 12 out of 23 companies in its industry peer group, based on Scope 1 emissions intensity (measured in tCO₂e per millions USD).a
International Business Machines is therefore positioned in the mid-range of its industry, neither a clear leader nor a laggard in carbon efficiency.a
Insights into International Business Machines's Total Carbon Footprint
In 2024, International Business Machines reported a total carbon footprint of 3,363,000 metric tons of CO₂ equivalent (tCO₂e) across Scope 1, Scope 2, and Scope 3 emissions. This represents a 208.53% increase compared to 2023, suggesting a rise in emissions across its operations or value chain.ab
The largest contributor to International Business Machines's total carbon footprint was Scope 3 emissions, accounting for 81.39% of the company's total carbon footprint, followed by Scope 2 emissions at 16.65%.a