In 2025, Vale completed a corporate carbon footprint assessment and publicly disclosed its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions according to the GHG Protocol, covering Scope 1 (direct emissions from owned or controlled sources), Scope 2 (indirect emissions from purchased energy) and Scope 3 (indirect emissions across the value chain).
Vale has also provided a category-level breakdown for 2 out of 15 Scope 3 emissions categories, offering greater transparency into its value chain emissions.
| Metric (tCO2e) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Total Scope 1 | 7,970,000a | 7,810,000a | 7,500,000b | |
Total Scope 2 | ||||
Market-Based | 320,000a | 340,000a | 300,000b | |
Location-Based | 720,000a | 780,000a | 600,000c | |
Total Scope 3 | 487,090,000a | 470,990,000a | 450,100,000b | |
Total Scope 1 Revenue Intensity (tCO2e/$M) | 207.5359a | 205.2239a | 179.4945b |
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In 2025, the total operational greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of Vale amounted to 8,690,000 metric tons of CO2 equivalent. This figure includes both direct emissions from owned or controlled sources (Scope 1) and indirect emissions from purchased energy (Scope 2).a
Compared to 2024, the total operational greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of Vale increased by 1.16%, suggesting that the company faced challenges in reducing its emissions from its core operations.a
In 2025, the total Scope 1 emissions of Vale were 7,970,000 metric tons of CO₂ equivalent (tCO₂e).a
Since 2020, Vale's Scope 1 emissions have increased by 24.53%, reflecting a rising long-term trend in Scope 1 emissions over time.ac
Compared to the previous year (2024), Vale's Scope 1 emissions increased by 2.05%, suggesting that the company faced challenges in reducing emissions from its directly owned or controlled operations.a
In 2025, Vale reported Scope 2 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of 320,000 tCO₂e using the market-based method and 720,000 tCO₂e using the location-based method.a
Since 2020, Vale's Scope 2 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (Location-Based) have remained relatively stable, indicating that Vale's emissions have plateaued with no significant change in its energy consumption footprint.ac
Compared to the previous year (2024), Vale's Scope 2 emissions (Location-Based) have remained relatively stable, indicating that Vale's emissions have plateaued with no significant change in its energy consumption footprint.a
In 2025, Vale reported its Scope 2 emissions using the market-based method and using the location-based method.a
In 2025, Vale reported 487,090,000 metric tons of CO₂ equivalent (tCO₂e) of Scope 3 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, representing indirect emissions across its upstream and downstream value chain.a
The 2025 disclosure of Vale includes a breakdown across 2 of the 15 Scope 3 categories defined by the GHG Protocol, matching the level of disclosure in 2024, demonstrating consistent Scope 3 emissions reporting coverage year over year.a
In 2025, Vale reported total Scope 3 emissions of 487,090,000 metric tons of CO₂ equivalent (tCO₂e).a
Approximately 0% of these emissions originated from upstream activities such as purchased goods and capital goods, while 100% came from downstream activities like product use, distribution, and end-of-life treatment.a
Since 2020, Vale's Scope 3 emissionshave remained relatively stable, indicating that Vale's emissions have plateaued with no significant change in its value chain footprint.ac
Compared to the previous year (2024), Vale's Scope 3 emissions remained relatively stable, indicating that Vale's emissions have plateaued with no significant change in its value chain footprint.a
In 2025, Vale reported emissions for 2 out of the 15 Scope 3 categories defined by the GHG Protocol.a
The limited disclosure restricts visibility into specific emission sources across the company's value chain.
In 2025, the largest contributors to Vale's Scope 3 emissions were:a
In 2025, Vale reported Scope 1 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of 7,970,000 tCO₂e and total revenues of USD 38,403 millions. This translates into an emissions intensity of 207.54 tCO₂e per millions USD.a
In 2025, Vale reported a Scope 1 emissions intensity of 207.54 tCO₂e per millions USD. Compared to the peer group median of 301.95, this places the company below its industry benchmark, indicating it is more carbon-efficient than most competitors.a
In 2025, Vale ranked 12 out of 25 companies in its industry peer group, based on Scope 1 emissions intensity (measured in tCO₂e per millions USD).a
Vale is therefore positioned in the mid-range of its industry, neither a clear leader nor a laggard in carbon efficiency.a
In 2025, Vale reported a total carbon footprint of 495,780,000 metric tons of CO₂ equivalent (tCO₂e) across Scope 1, Scope 2, and Scope 3 emissions. This represents a 3.38% increase compared to 2024, suggesting a rise in emissions across its operations or value chain.a
The largest contributor to Vale's total carbon footprint was Scope 3 emissions, accounting for 98.25% of the company's total carbon footprint, followed by Scope 1 emissions at 1.61%.a