In 2025, United Airlines Holdings completed a corporate carbon footprint assessment and publicly disclosed its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions according to the GHG Protocol, covering Scope 1 (direct emissions from owned or controlled sources), Scope 2 (indirect emissions from purchased energy) and Scope 3 (indirect emissions across the value chain).
United Airlines Holdings has also provided a category-level breakdown for 5 out of 15 Scope 3 emissions categories, offering greater transparency into its value chain emissions.
| Metric (tCO2e) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022-2019 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Total Scope 1 | 39,976,609a | 38,520,027a | 36,588,996a | |
Total Scope 2 | ||||
Market-Based | 143,722a | 134,497a | 144,019a | |
Location-Based | 172,010a | 160,201a | 160,340a | |
Total Scope 3 | 14,607,876a | 13,585,207a | 12,671,511a | |
Total Scope 1 Revenue Intensity (tCO2e/$M) | 676.7667a | 675.0438a | 681.1437a |
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In 2025, the total operational greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of United Airlines Holdings amounted to 40,148,619 metric tons of CO2 equivalent. This figure includes both direct emissions from owned or controlled sources (Scope 1) and indirect emissions from purchased energy (Scope 2).a
Compared to 2024, the total operational greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of United Airlines Holdings increased by 3.8%, suggesting that the company faced challenges in reducing its emissions from its core operations.a
In 2025, the total Scope 1 emissions of United Airlines Holdings were 39,976,609 metric tons of CO₂ equivalent (tCO₂e).a
Since 2019, United Airlines Holdings's Scope 1 emissions have increased by 16.16%, reflecting a rising long-term trend in Scope 1 emissions over time.a
Compared to the previous year (2024), United Airlines Holdings's Scope 1 emissions increased by 3.78%, suggesting that the company faced challenges in reducing emissions from its directly owned or controlled operations.a
In 2025, United Airlines Holdings reported Scope 2 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of 143,722 tCO₂e using the market-based method and 172,010 tCO₂e using the location-based method.a
Since 2019, United Airlines Holdings's Scope 2 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (Location-Based) have decreased by 14.72%, reflecting a declining long-term trend in Scope 2 emissions over time.a
Compared to the previous year (2024), United Airlines Holdings's Scope 2 emissions (Location-Based) have remained relatively stable, indicating that United Airlines Holdings's emissions have plateaued with no significant change in its energy consumption footprint.a
In 2025, United Airlines Holdings reported its Scope 2 emissions using the market-based method and using the location-based method.a
In 2025, United Airlines Holdings reported 14,607,876 metric tons of CO₂ equivalent (tCO₂e) of Scope 3 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, representing indirect emissions across its upstream and downstream value chain.a
The 2025 disclosure of United Airlines Holdings includes a breakdown across 5 of the 15 Scope 3 categories defined by the GHG Protocol, matching the level of disclosure in 2024, demonstrating consistent Scope 3 emissions reporting coverage year over year.a
In 2025, United Airlines Holdings reported total Scope 3 emissions of 14,607,876 metric tons of CO₂ equivalent (tCO₂e).a
Approximately 97.28% of these emissions originated from upstream activities such as purchased goods and capital goods, while 2.72% came from downstream activities like product use, distribution, and end-of-life treatment.a
Since 2019, United Airlines Holdings's Scope 3 emissions have decreased by 16.4%, reflecting a declining long-term trend in Scope 3 emissions over time.a
Compared to the previous year (2024), United Airlines Holdings's Scope 3 emissions remained relatively stable, indicating that United Airlines Holdings's emissions have plateaued with no significant change in its value chain footprint.a
In 2025, United Airlines Holdings reported emissions for 5 out of the 15 Scope 3 categories defined by the GHG Protocol.a
This partial disclosure allows for some insight into the company's indirect impacts.
In 2025, the largest contributors to United Airlines Holdings's Scope 3 emissions were:a
In 2025, United Airlines Holdings reported Scope 1 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of 39,976,609 tCO₂e and total revenues of USD 59,070 millions. This translates into an emissions intensity of 676.77 tCO₂e per millions USD.a
In 2025, United Airlines Holdings reported a Scope 1 emissions intensity of 676.77 tCO₂e per millions USD. Compared to the peer group median of 891.1, this places the company below its industry benchmark, indicating it is more carbon-efficient than most competitors.a
In 2025, United Airlines Holdings ranked 5 out of 25 companies in its industry peer group, based on Scope 1 emissions intensity (measured in tCO₂e per millions USD).a
This places United Airlines Holdings among the top performers, with one of the lowest emissions intensities relative to peers.a
In 2025, United Airlines Holdings reported a total carbon footprint of 54,756,495 metric tons of CO₂ equivalent (tCO₂e) across Scope 1, Scope 2, and Scope 3 emissions. This represents a 4.77% increase compared to 2024, suggesting a rise in emissions across its operations or value chain.a
The largest contributor to United Airlines Holdings's total carbon footprint was Scope 1 emissions, accounting for 73.01% of the company's total carbon footprint, followed by Scope 3 emissions at 26.68%.a